Click here to visit NHTSA’s Bicycle Safety resource site. 50. And it protects the most important body part when you get into an accident. or Best Offer. It is legal for the driver to cross over a double-yellow line when passing. gov or call 800-837-4337. This law only applies for riding motorcycles on the highway, however. Wyoming: Under 18. Be cautious, as not all turn signals on a motorcycle are self-canceling, thus some riders sometimes forget to turn them off after a turn or lane change. Courses for Everyone. In Utah, motorcyclists can pass between 2-lanes of traffic, but only when traffic is stopped (a practice called “filtering”). Be sure to take the proper steps to learn how to ride a motorcycle and get properly licensed to legally operate a motorcycle in Ohio. edu. 5. In Ohio, persons of all ages must wear a helmet when operating or riding as a passenger on a class 3 electric bicycle. The Ohio motorcycle test consists of 40 questions. B. Course Schedules. Riders Rider Safety. The Ohio motorcycle test consists of 40 questions. For legal support after an accident in Ohio, call Erney Law at (614) 739-9118. Ohio Bike Week is the biggest rally in the Midwest held every Memorial Day Weekend. These Ohio motorcycle laws where confirmed accurate as of the time of publishing and are provided to you as a reference only. Motorcycle Ohio Mission Statement To provide an affordable motorcycle rider training course to reduce fatalities and injuries on Ohio’s roadways through the three major. In this post attorney Aaron Bensinger talks about the Ohio motorcycle helmet law. The questions in our sample tests are nearly identical to those on the official OH MC test. top-close. Section 4513. Four wheels move the body, but two wheels move the soul . Instructor Become a. . Just like your driver's permit you get at 15. Motorcycle Permit: Test Practice Online | OH 2023. Ohio. 78 of the Revised Code. Understanding Ohio’s Motorcycle Laws. Nationally, motorcycle crashes claim the lives of over 4,500 riders each year — if you’re doing the math, that means Ohio incidents make up nearly 5% of all U. Center . Motorcycle or Motor Scooter License or Endorsement Over Age 18. Pre-Owned: Yamaha. During this 16-hour course, students will participate in four hours of classroom, and 12 hours of on-cycle training covering topics such as cornering, braking. Willing to travel 6-8 hours from Columbus, Ohio. $50,000 for bodily injury or death to two or more people. 4; Turning – 4. The lines mark where crossing the center for passing is allowed. Its displays include slow-speed turns, high-speed crossovers and impeccably-timed group maneuvers, all intended to highlight the riding skills and ability of each officer to. Motorcycle Ohio. the Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course, or Motorcycle Ohio (MO) Basic Rider Course - Returning Rider (RR) you will be issued a course completion card by the course instructor. New Listing ORANGE ORCA SS Reverse Trike 72v LITHIUM Auto Cycle Golf Cart FAST street legal . Motorcycle Lane-splitting and Safety in California, a 2015 study conducted by the Safe Transportation Research & Education Center at the University of California Berkeley, took a good. Williams’ 2-day southeast Ohio motorcycle tour highlights some of the best Ohio motorcycle roads and includes a stay in the historic town of Marietta along the Ohio River. Instructor Become a. In two-thirds of these crashes, the motorcycle rider was the at-fault party. Efficient training. However, riding a motorcycle comes with risks when other drivers are negligent. Your motorcycle or motor scooter must be street-legal and in safe working condition. C. Motorcycle training, education, and awareness for riders with all levels of experience. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. The BRS-2 is not for novices learning to ride. This 18th edition of the Motorcycle Safety Foundation Motorcycle Operator Manual* contains tips and strategies to help riders manage risk. Michigan Motorcycle Operator Manual. 2110 or email kern@terra. OH-374 and US-33, Rockbridge, OH 43149. The Basic Rider Skills 2 (BRS-2) for experienced riders who wish to refresh and/or polish basic riding skills permits co-riders only for riders with a motorcycle license or. If you want to ride a motorcycle in Ohio, it must be street legal. The label shall specify whether the electric bicycle is a class 1, class 2, or class 3 electric bicycle, the top assisted speed that the electric bicycle. This waiver states, in the event of damage to the vehicle, you would be responsible for up to the following amounts of damage: $4,500 for High Performance and $7,750 for Advanced High Performance or Lapping Programs. Let the motorcycle move underneath you. GANZER: Ralph Buss is an Ohio motorcycle accident attorney. jlconverse@dps. All riders must wear protective eyewear while on a motorcycle as well. Help Center. 79 subd. Event brings together motorcycling legends, enthusiasts and industry leaders from across the countryFor one year you can't have passengers, can't ride at night, and must wear a helmet/eye protection. Definitions. Basic Rider Skills 2 (BRS-2) Take Basic Rider Skills 2 as an early-season refresher, to bond with a new motorcycle, or to gain experience riding with a passenger. Front Street Columbus, OH 43215 Office : (614) 645-3111 Fax : (614) 645-7805 Email : Contact InformationStop beyond the stop line so you will be seen. The legal limit is lower for motorcycle. (For a complete list of fees, visit Ohio's list of fees and services. For more information, please call (800) 928-1511. Always signal when changing lanes or merging with traffic. 218 (October 1, 2011) addressing minimum performance requirements for motorcycle helmets. The "right" helmet, like the correct bike, varies. At least 1 tail light and brake light. changing your lane positioning according to. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. Touch of Class MC Washington, DC. According to a recent report by News 5 Cleveland, from 2018 to 2022, there were nearly 19,000 crashes involving motorcycles in. Prior to testing, applicants must provide proof of: Full legal name; Date of birth; Social. Murrieta, CA 92563. No cash is accepted and no refunds will be issued. They require that you know and understand driving laws, road rules, and safe riding practices. Moped Laws in Each State in 2023 Generally speaking, two-wheel vehicles that have 50cc engines or smaller and cannot travel over 30 to 35 miles per hour are considered mopeds. Motorcyclists Guide. The dust and noise from this is driving us insane. I’m diving deep into the nitty-gritty of Ohio’s motorcycle laws. This means bicyclists should ride on the right half of the roadway, riding with traffic instead of against it. When you're ready, you can schedule a skills test. Information for. 7 7. Motorcycle Ohio. Alaska state law specifically prohibits a driver of a motor vehicle, which includes motorcycles, from wearing. 4501-17-04 Must comply with all permit restrictions (R. Real questions, 100% free. This course is designed to teach you the basics of motorcycle riding and safety. Class M2-You may operate. Riders should familiarize themselves with the laws and follow safety guidelines for. Motorcycle tracks exist for racing or stunting enthusiasts. A seat for the rider. Real questions with keys and explanations. Public Information Officer, Ohio Traffic Safety Office. Efficient training. [email protected] can be removed if somebody passes the vision test with flying colors. There's no inspection process. Motorcycle or Motor Scooter License or Endorsement Over Age 18. The. For example, 20/40/15 means a state requires motorcycles to have $20,000 in bodily injury coverage per person, $40,000 in bodily injury coverage per accident for two or more persons, and $15,000 in property damage coverage per accident. However, many riders don’t give much active consideration to how they can apply a motorcycle’s advantages to help mitigate its disadvantages. 2 Rice, Thomas, Troszak, Lara and Erhardt, Taryn (2015). Resources Become an. They require that you know and understand driving laws, road rules, and safe riding practices. Your motorcycle or motor scooter must be street-legal and in safe working condition. While it’s illegal to park on pavements, you can park on curbs (raised sidewalks) in most places unless it’s stated ‘no parking. Start free oh practice. Understanding Ohio’s Motorcycle License Requirements. com. Then visit our Basic Rider Skills for Returning Riders. TIME: 2. Out-of-State and Military. Here’s how you know. Firstly, a valid driver’s license is required, as well as an endorsement for a motorcycle. Page 4 of 5. Do not touch the solid line (motorcycles 600cc or more) or the dashed line (motorcycles less than 600cc) or put a foot down. face shield. Menu. Maintain a steady speed. THE OHIO MOTORCYCLE BIBLE 7 CHAPTER 1 TO THE NEW RIDER So you have decided to learn to ride a motorcycle . 5 miles long and includes 10 jumps. After passing the skills test or a Motorcycle Ohio course, you may go to a deputy registrar agency to purchase a motorcycle or motor scooter license or endorsement within 60 days or before your TIPIC. You must present a valid TIPIC and wear a helmet and protective eyewear at time of testing. There are many great motorcycle routes in southeastern part of the state, but OH-78 is definitely one of the best motorcycle roads in Ohio! Ride through tight twisty roads that takes you through numerous elevation changes near Wayne National Forest and Burr Oak State Park. Trusted By 300k Riders. This 18th edition of the Motorcycle Safety Foundation Motorcycle Operator Manual* contains tips and strategies to help riders manage risk. ; A motor that has: . With all the performance of a manual transmission and the convenience of an automatic, you’ll stay connected to your machine, and free to experience the world around you. IBM WebSphere Portal. For more information, call The Kern Center at 419. You must have completed a basic rider’s course and pass the BMV’s skills test. After passing the skills test or a Motorcycle Ohio course, you may go to a deputy registrar agency to purchase a motorcycle or motor scooter license or endorsement within 60 days or before your TIPIC. The electric scooter laws in Ohio. Ohio Street Legal Motorcycle Requirements. There are 40 questions on the Ohio BMV motorcycle test, and you will need to answer at least 30 correctly to get a passing score (75%). You must pay the applicable motorcycle licensing fee administered by the BMV (the total value of depends on the age of the applicant or. motorcycle license under 21 years at issuance. . 53 | Operation of bicycles, motorcycles and snowmobiles. Bicycle riders, except small children, are prohibited from riding on sidewalks CoCC 2173. Technically, driving over the fog line is not a traffic violation. Call Now for a Free Case Review (419) 455-1410In summary, lane splitting is safe, it reduces traffic, it keeps your motorcycle from overheating, and it's legal in California. 10 Wrapping Up the Ride. It's probably the most expensive item on your list — besides the bike. at a distance not less than 50 feet from center line of travel (Title 45, 4513. There was nothing the motorcyclist could do. Your motorcycle or motor scooter must be street-legal and in safe working condition. 2. Real questions with keys and explanations. ohio. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. when riding , you should what regarding a turn. Motorcycle Ohio Rider Enhancement. |. Costs of the classes are: ERC: $250 for Georgia residents and $300 for nonresidents. Motorcycling can be fun, cost-effective and help to reduce your carbon footprint. The cost of motorcycle insurance in Michigan varies widely, so be sure to compare quotes when shopping for insurance. Instructor Become a. The test will take place on an off-street course. The test shall be as near as practicable to the examination required for a motorcycle operator's endorsement under section 4507. You can show the police that you have attempted to solve the noise problem on your own, but that your neighbor continues to violate the noise ordinances. However, do not park parallel to the curb as that will make you less visible to road users. If you want to ride a motorcycle in Ohio, it must be street legal. Number of Question 40. They may only be used on private property. The motorcyclist was stopped in traffic prior to 2. top-search odx-searchbox-label. The manual was Exclusive technology that will change the way you ride. 01 of the Revised Code. Due to motorcycles being smaller than motor vehicles, Ohio law does allow two motorcycles to ride side-by-side in the same lane on a road. I've ridden it many times, both as an inexperienced rider and as a seasoned 17. The Ohio legislature has established the minimum motorcycle insurance coverage amounts to be: $25,000 for death or bodily injury to one person; $50,000 for death or bodily injury to two or more persons; and. These basic skills are important to learn before moving onto more complex skills. Note: If your dual sport motorcycle is properly registered and licensed with the BMV to be "street legal", you do not have to register again (i. (B) No person operating a bicycle or electric bicycle shall ride other. However, a helmet that is also Snell-approved has. We are one of your most trusted motorcycle dealers in the Columbus, OH area so stop by! Cruisers. FREE! Motorcycle Permit: Test Practice Online | OH 2023. If the test is passed, Motorcycle Ohio. Resources Become an. (A) For purposes of this section, "snowmobile" has the same meaning as given that term in section 4519. Gray Van Dyke. The requirements for getting a. 169. Therefore, The State of Ohio has additional restrictions for novice riders. Utah officially. (Scroll Down For Rider Reviews & Comments) 4624 Dayton Springfield Road, Springfield, OH 45502. Answer: Motorcycle helmets that meet the federal standards of 49 C. Video Center; Contact; Free case evaluation. . The goal is to help you build a strong foundation of awareness and safety in what may develop into a lifelong activity. Train for FREE with our motorcycle permit practice test online! It will facilitate getting a motorcycle license in OH 2021. For adult riders who have been riding for at least a year or riding again after time away, Returning Rider is the course to take. Expand All Sections. 00 non-refundable registration fee. You must present a valid Temporary. 50. (614) 644-6052. ___________ can increase your visibility. If you or someone close to you has been injured in a motorcycle accident in Ohio, we offer a free consultation with one of our lawyers. 40 questions. SR-555 (Ohio's Triple Nickel) POIs. For more information about Motorcycle Ohio please visit: or call (800) 837-4337 Ohio Department of Public Safety MOP 0051 8/22 [760-1109]The Basic Rider Skills 2 (BRS-2) for experienced riders who wish to refresh and/or polish basic riding skills permits co-riders only for riders with a motorcycle license or endorsement. 00 non-refundable registration fee. As soon as a rider crosses the line between a dedicated motorcycle area and a forbidden area, accident rates skyrocket. Beans MX Park. If not, the motorcycle will lurch, and the rear wheel may skid. All students must pay a $50. Then, schedule a Rider Skills Test (RST) with a driver testing business. Ohio CycleFish. To improve your results, download a motorcycle manual book online, study theory, and train for free on our website. Motorcycle or Motor Scooter License or Endorsement Over Age 18. The Committee is currently debating the bill. This route is a fantastic ride anytime of the year, but the best time to travel this area is in the fall when the leaves are changing. In 2015, there were more than 3000 motorcycle accidents in Ohio alone. Once you reach Athens, you may want to stop for a bite to eat and an ice-cold beverage at Broney's Alumni. 4-mile ride takes you through both Hocking Hills State Park and Hocking State Forest . com: Big Bear Trail Riders: Big Bear Run: Big Bear Lake, Calif. to a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle, or other right to the possession thereof. Information for. F. A motorcycle helmet should cover your entire head versus a skullcap style helmet. Compliance with such standard shall constitute compliance with the director of public safety rules and. Excellent results with 95% drivers! Download. For motorcycles, the cost is $26. Lane filtering is available in Arizona, Hawaii, Montana, and Utah. 1 – Getting StartedOhio Bureau of Motor Vehicles Motorcycle Ohio. 2; Shifting Gears – 4. The test will take place on an off-street course. (a) No person shall operate a bicycle upon a sidewalk, except for children's non-motorized vehicles as defined in section 2173. The Ohio motorcycle test consists of 40 questions. A new motorcycle license should be a standard one, allowing a person to enjoy the benefits of riding a motorcycle like an average person. Code § 32-5A-82. prevent individuals from trespassing on public or private. Ohio motorcyclists under the age of 18 must wear a helmet if they are riding. This durable side x side provides the ability to transport more passengers or a larger load with the Trans Cab™ System that can be easily converted anytime. C. As summer turns into fall, motorcyclists know that Ohio's riding season may be winding. West of Toledo and south of Swanton, the 3,000 acre Maumee State Forest has 5 miles of trails open to off-road motorcycle trails riding. Trespassing along railroad rights-of-way is the leading cause of rail-related deaths in America. Ohioans who wish to learn what it takes to ride a motorcycle safely and responsibly can sign-up for rider courses online beginning Monday, Jan. ADV riders will want better cooling. Carry proof of insurance when riding. 1: roll off the throttle as you squeeze the clutch lever. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. Source: Complying with these requirements is essential for safe and legal motorcycle riding in the state of Ohio. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, page 57. . The manual wasTrain for FREE with our motorcycle practice test (DMV) online! Prior to receiving your motorcycle license you must pass an official exam in Ohio. For the Basic RiderCourse, you’ll have about 5 hours of learning, often through an online e Course, before you get on a bike. Grade. Speed is not necessarily dangerous; the problem is where the speed takes place. Resources Become an. The legal age to drive a motorcycle in Ohio is 16 years old. Lane Splitting Laws in Texas. DMV Ohio motorcycle permit test - Practice for your motorcycle license test. Riding in a Straight Line – 4. Feel the wind on your face as you ride on a motorcycle from Motorcycle Maxx! Whether you are planning to ride longer distances or just need to get around town, we have a diverse selection of motorcycles for sale at competitive prices. The Ohio motorcycle helmet law states that motorcycle riders in Ohio are required to wear a helmet if they are under the age of 18. Excellent results with 95% drivers! Download your OH official motorcycle handbook 2021! | Page 2 of 5. Ohio Motorcycle Laws - View All States Motorcycle Laws. You do not need insurance to register a moped, but you do need special license plates and an identification card, along with a one-time $23 registration fee. 2; Shifting Gears – 4. A score of at least 30 (75%) is required to pass. Wear eye protection: face shield, goggles, or glasses. Licensing/Endorsement and Skill Test Waiver. Motorcyclists and riders of other two-wheeled conveyances filter through stopped traffic at an intersection in Bangkok, Thailand. , LLC in Cleveland or Youngstown at 216-522-1600. And it’s legal. In Ohio, 162 people died while riding a motorcycle or scooter during 2012. They also have camping and cottage rentals if you're looking to make. Prior to testing, applicants must provide proof of: Full legal name; Date of birth; Social. Fathers of Mayhem RC. ”. The permit and DL requirements in this handbook pertain to two-wheel vehicles and are referenced in CVC §12804. Ohio's scenic roads are a motorcycle enthusiast's dream. on the stop line. You will need to correctly answer at least 24 questions (an 80% passing score) to pass the test. TNBC MC. (C) "Motorcycle" means every motor vehicle, other than a tractor, having a seat or saddle for the use of the operator and designed to travel on not more than three. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. Motorcycle accidents occur at an alarmingly high rate in Ohio and can be incredibly dangerous. The Triple Nickel Tour, referred to as Ohio’s Tail of the Dragon, seems as though it was designed specifically for motorcyclists. The test will take place on an off-street course. This route is a fantastic ride anytime of the year, but the best time to travel this area is in the fall when the leaves are changing. 4507. If you’re looking to take your Jeep or ATV out for an adventure, there are many off road trails Ohio has to offer. Complete a Motorcycle Ohio Basic Rider Course (BRC). The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. You must be able to pass a motorcycle knowledge exam. After passing the skills test or a Motorcycle Ohio course, you may go to a deputy registrar agency to purchase a motorcycle or motor scooter license or endorsement within 60 days or before your TIPIC. 6. Ride in the lane portion in which you will be seen first. 3 XKE News, Ohio Governor Mike DeWine emphasized the importance of the state's new distracted driving law, which requires all drivers to put their phones down. Ohio motorcycle injury accident attorney Anthony Castelli provides informaton about Ohio State Motorcycle Laws. Students may transfer to another class or assign their class to someone else (family member, friend, etc. Information for. You must present a valid TIPIC and wear a helmet and protective eyewear at time of testing. If you or a loved one are ever injured in a motorcycle accident in Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, or Georgia, don’t hesitate the contact the Motorcycle Law Group at (855) 529-7433 for a free consultation. Each motorcycle theory practice test question has three answer choices. In order to operate a motorcycle on the street in Ohio, you must meet certain requirements. KTM Sportmotorcycle GmbH. Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles Motorcycle Ohio. Classes run now through October. 051, § 4511. Search. Riders Rider Safety. Some exceptions apply. Child Passenger Safety. As of 2021, California still remains the only state to permit lane splitting, providing that the maneuver is executed in a safe and prudent manner. Buying a helmet is the most critical motorcycle gear purchase you'll make. Call us at 614-222-4444. All motorcycle operators and passengers must wear safety glasses/goggles. Request a FREE Zanesville, Ohio Motorcycle Map. But riding safely requires more. This includes all-terrain vehicles, off-highway motorcycles, dirt bikes, and recreation utility vehicles. (614) 644-6052. Menu. These basic skills are important to learn before moving onto more complex skills. 07(A)(8) & 4511. All students must wear the proper riding gear along with a DOT-certified helmet while astride the motorcycle. Custom Yamaha 1980's G1 Hot Rod Gas Golf Cart. where you can see traffic coming from. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. From rolling hills, flat plains, twists and turns, to country roads and scenic highways, there's plenty of fantastic roads to cruise throughout the state. 060 of the Texas Transportation Code, all drivers and motorcyclists must drive within a single lane. The provided. To be street legal, your motorcycle must have a headlight, taillight, brake light, horn, and muffler. We’re diving into the wild, thrilling, and downright bureaucratic world of Ohio’s motorcycle license requirements. Knievel was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1999. Do not want to ride on major highways once we get to destination. Classroom Information. 50. A new and dangerous breed of motorcycle gang is popping up around the country, say authorities, as packs of young bikers on high-speed “crotch rockets” barrel down crowded highways performing. There were 124 motorcyclist fatalities in 2000, 672 motorcyclists have died since 2000 and Ohio’s motorcycle fatalities are year-to-date 30 over the same time last year. The license plates must be renewed each year and must be kept up to date at all times. $20/two adults and minor children, additional adults - $10/each. jlconverse@dps. Over 77% of them were fatal motorcycle accidents or caused at least one victim suffering injuries of various degrees. The test will take place on an off-street course. Lane splitting is riding a bicycle or motorcycle between lanes or rows of slow moving or stopped traffic moving in the same direction. Age 21 and older―$24. Going to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland or Ohio Stadium in Columbus, exploring 228 miles of the Historic National Road or Main Market Route 3 requires a lot of driving. 61 | Storing vehicles in possession of law enforcement officers or left on public property. Efficient training. Discover the comprehensive state-by-state guide to motorcycle laws, covering helmets, lane splitting, licensing, and more. Helmets shall, at a minimum, meet federal motor vehicle safety standard (FMVSS) 218 set forth in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571. You must present a valid TIPIC and wear a helmet and protective eyewear at time of testing. For standard private passenger vehicles, the cost is $34. Ohio laws have remained stalwart against the idea of legalizing lane splitting. Enroll in a Course. Seller Center; Policies; Affiliates; Help & Contact; Site Map;The test shall be as near as practicable to the examination required for a motorcycle operator's endorsement under section 4507. Touring. 4% of cases, in contrast to the more common accident situations such as "Moving in a straight line, constant speed" 49. The MSF course will prepare you well, and you get your endorsement after completing it. ”. Contact Our Ohio Motorcycle Accident Attorneys. Motorcycle Ohio | 1970 W. August 18, 2015 — 4:37pm. Maumee, Richland Furnace, Pike, and Perry state forests all have trails that are accessible to ATVs, side by sides, dirt bikes and dual sport motorcycles that are 62” or less in width and have a State Recreational Vehicle Registration. ”. 711 (A)). CYCLISTS can’t be confined to sidewalk riding ORC § 4511. Thailand. Everything you need to know in order to use motorcycle under glow lights. Take advantage of this FREE motorcycle permit test practice held in OH in 2021 to check your knowledge of the road rules. Note that motorcycle license requirements in Ohio. ALL of the staff are great. Anyone can go to any Ohio BMV office and pick up/fill out the form you need to change your title from Off-Road to MC. : Everyone. Contributor Scott A. Stop beyond the stop line so you will be seen. The Motorcycle Ohio Basic Course completion card is valid to waive motorcycle skills testing for a period of 60 days from the date of issuance. 9 FAQs. Washington (state): Everyone. Call us! Motorcycle accidents and protecting riders has been our business for over 30 years. You will need to correctly answer at least 24 questions (an 80% passing score) to pass the test. Ohio DMV motorcycle permit test - Pass your OH DMV motorcycle test. Motorcycle crashes in Ohio have risen from 3,479 in 2000 to 4,155 in 2004.